Leveraging technology and collaborative models to create a sustainable and scalable agricultural value chain in Nigeria

Nigeria, with a population of over 230 million, is facing life-threatening challenges in its agricultural sector, which serves as the backbone of the country’s economy. However, the sector is plagued by inefficiencies, outdated farming practices, and a lack of sustainable models that could bring about long-term food security. Today, over 76 million Nigerian farmers continue to struggle with low productivity, limited access to modern technology, and the fragmentation of the agricultural value chain (87 percent of households living in rural areas in Nigeria practice crop farming).

Moreover, with an aging farming population and insufficient new entrants into the field, Nigeria is currently at risk of food shortages and economic instability. In light of these hurdles, the time has come for a radical shift toward a more sustainable, collaborative, and technology-driven agricultural ecosystem. This trail of thoughts explores how the integration of technology and collaborative models can help rewrite the story of Nigeria’s agricultural value chain into a scalable, sustainable system capable of feeding its population and supporting economic growth.

The Need for Collaboration in Agriculture

Agriculture is the backbone of many economies, and its growth is essential to improving livelihoods, especially in developing nations like Nigeria. However, the majority of Nigeria’s agricultural workforce comprises smallholder farmers (about 88%) who face numerous challenges due to their isolated and fragmented operations. To address these challenges, collaboration is not only necessary, but it is a critical component for unlocking the potential of agriculture in Nigeria. The lack of proper coordination and communication between smallholder farmers, agribusinesses, government agencies, and financial institutions severely limits the access these farmers have to essential resources such as financing, training, market access, and modern technologies. But by embracing collaboration and implementing successful models that have worked in other parts of the world, Nigeria has the potential to improve agricultural productivity, food security, and promote economic growth.

The Power of Agricultural Cooperatives

An age-long successful model for collaborative agriculture is the use of agricultural cooperatives. Cooperatives allow farmers to come together and pool their resources to access services, buy inputs at lower costs, and sell their produce in bulk at better prices. This model has worked effectively in several countries.

In Kenya, for example, the Kenya Tea Development Agency (KTDA) has played a pertinent role in the success of the country’s tea industry. By organising farmers into cooperatives, KTDA helped smallholder tea farmers access high-quality processing plants and better market access, measurably improving their incomes. This model helped smallholder farmers thrive, while it created jobs in rural areas, improved the supply chain, and provided infrastructure like storage and processing plants.

Similarly, in India, cooperatives such as the Amul Dairy Cooperative have empowered millions of small-scale dairy farmers by offering them collective bargaining power. Amul has given a new face to the dairy industry, allowing small farmers to control their production and profit, leading to greater financial independence and reduced dependency on middlemen. By creating cooperatives, Nigerian farmers could improve their income, gain better access to advanced technologies and financing options, which are often out of reach for individual farmers.

Public-Private Partnerships Advances Agriculture

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have also been instrumental in driving agricultural success in other parts of the world. These partnerships allow governments to collaborate with private companies to provide the infrastructure, capital, and expertise needed to improve agricultural production. In Brazil, the Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa – www.embrapa.br) has been at the forefront of applying research and technology in agriculture. By collaborating with private firms and universities, Embrapa has developed high-yield, drought-resistant crops that have completely changed Brazil’s agricultural industry. The collaboration between government institutions and private companies has increased Brazil’s agricultural productivity and helped the country become one of the world’s largest exporters of soybeans, sugar, and beef.

Also, in Chile, the partnership between the government and private companies in the fruit industry has helped move the country into a global powerhouse in fruit production. Through such collaborations, Chile has managed to implement world-class farming practices, gain access to international markets, and create a robust agricultural export sector. Nigeria can adopt this model of PPPs to establish efficient agricultural systems. The government can partner with tech companies to develop and implement digital solutions that benefit farmers. By doing so, Nigeria can improve its farmers’ access to cutting-edge tools like weather forecasting apps, farm management software, and digital platforms that connect farmers to markets and buyers. This collaboration can streamline processes and increase overall efficiency, while also reducing the challenges of post-harvest losses and limited market access (all these thoughts thrive on a foundation of trust).

Leveraging Digital Marketplaces and Technology for Greater Reach

Technology and innovation are reforming the agricultural sector globally, and Nigeria has a unique opportunity to harness these advancements. Collaborations between technology companies and farmers are already paving the way for digital tools that improve agricultural efficiency and sustainability. Digital marketplaces, mobile apps, and e-commerce platforms have been instrumental in expanding farmers’ reach and facilitating seamless transactions. For example, in India, AgriBazaar, a digital marketplace, connects farmers to buyers, providing a direct and transparent platform for the purchase and sale of agricultural produce. Farmers can upload their products on the platform and connect with wholesale buyers, eliminating middlemen and boosting their profitability. Similarly, in Nigeria, platforms like Farmcrowdy and AgriProtein are helping farmers access finance, technology, and distribution channels, empowering them to increase their productivity and scale their businesses.

Through collaborations with technology providers, Nigerian farmers can access a wealth of tools such as farm management software, weather forecasting apps, and agricultural advisory services that can help them make better decisions, improve productivity, and reduce risks. The integration of digital technologies into the agricultural value chain will allow Nigerian farmers to overcome barriers like weather uncertainty, low access to financing, and inefficient supply chains.

Learning from Global Best Practices

Global success stories show that collaboration between farmers, agribusinesses, government agencies, and technology companies can lead to better productivity, sustainable farming practices, and improved food security. By adopting these models and integrating technology into the agricultural value chain, Nigeria can address its food security challenges (become a net exporter), increase the income of smallholder farmers, and contribute to the country’s economic growth. Nigeria can create agricultural hubs or clusters that encourage collaboration between stakeholders. These hubs can serve as centres for knowledge sharing, resource pooling, and infrastructure provision. Additionally, establishing digital marketplaces and platforms that connect farmers to global markets can offer new opportunities for growth. Also, collaboration with tech firms can introduce precision farming tools and digital services that modernise farming techniques and improve yields.

The Role of Technology in Modernising Agriculture

Agriculture, which has been the core of Nigeria’s economy for centuries, faces increasing challenges due to outdated farming practices, lack of access to modern tools, and limited access to markets. As the world continues to experience rapid technological advancements, the integration of cutting-edge technologies in farming holds the key to modernising Nigeria’s agricultural sector. Through precision agriculture, mobile technology, artificial intelligence, e-commerce, and digital marketplaces, Nigeria can measurably increase agricultural productivity and sustainability while addressing many of the challenges currently faced by its farmers.

Precision Agriculture Addresses Farm Management

Precision agriculture uses data-driven insights and advanced technologies to optimise farm operations. The concept hinges on the use of sensors, drones, and satellite imagery to collect valuable data about crops, soil, water usage, and pest infestations. This technology allows farmers to make precise decisions regarding irrigation, fertilisation, pest control, and harvest timing, which can cut down costs, increase yields, and decrease resource wastage in the long term.

In the United States, John Deere, a leading agricultural machinery company, has pioneered the use of precision farming equipment (although Pierre Robert is often hailed as the father of modern precision agriculture). Through GPS technology, tractors and combine harvesters are able to plant, fertilise, and harvest crops with pinpoint accuracy, reducing fuel usage and input costs. Similarly, CropX, an Israeli agri-tech startup, uses soil sensors to measure moisture levels and send real-time data to farmers’ smartphones, allowing them to optimise water usage and improve crop yields. The success of precision farming in these regions showcases the potential of technology to improve Nigeria’s agriculture, particularly in water-scarce areas. Nigeria’s climate presents challenges, such as erratic rainfall and soil degradation, which can be addressed through precision farming. By adopting smart irrigation systems and soil sensors, Nigerian farmers can manage water usage more effectively and reduce environmental impact while improving crop output.

Mobile Technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) Empowers Farmers at Scale

With Nigeria’s mobile penetration rate exceeding 90%, mobile technology offers an excellent opportunity to modernise farming practices. Mobile apps have the potential to empower farmers with real-time information, from weather forecasts and pest alerts to market prices and best farming practices (for a small fee).

M-Farm, a mobile platform in Kenya, serves as a prime example of how mobile technology can better agricultural practices. M-Farm connects smallholder farmers to local and international markets, enabling them to access better pricing for their produce. The app also provides market information, farming advice, and a platform for farmers to communicate directly with one another. By simplifying the process of reaching customers and obtaining market information, M-Farm has helped many Kenyan farmers reduce losses and improve their profitability.

In Nigeria, Farmcrowdy, an innovative mobile platform, connects smallholder farmers with investors, helping them access the capital required to grow their businesses. Through mobile apps, Nigerian farmers can receive real-time updates on weather patterns, pest outbreaks, and commodity prices, allowing them to make informed decisions that enhance crop yields and profitability. More of these solutions are needed in the Nigerian AgriTech space. The use of the IoT in agriculture also plays an important role in monitoring and managing farms. In Brazil, for example, the use of IoT devices in coffee farming has helped farmers monitor soil moisture levels, temperature, and environmental conditions. This real-time data empowers farmers to make better irrigation decisions and optimise production. Nigeria could benefit from adopting similar technologies to track soil conditions, temperature, and pest infestations in real-time, enabling farmers to act quickly and prevent crop losses.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) Optimises Decision-Making and Market Access

AI and ML have immense potential to transmorph agriculture. AI can better farm productivity through predictive models for crop yields, weather forecasts, pest detection, and supply chain optimisation. Machine learning algorithms can also analyse historical data to predict market trends, which can help farmers plan better and maximise profits. IBM Watson Decision Platform for Agriculture is a great example of how AI and ML can help farmers make better decisions. This platform integrates data from IoT sensors, weather forecasts, satellite images, and other sources to provide farmers with actionable insights. In the Netherlands, PlantLab, an AI-based vertical farming company, uses machine learning to optimise crop growth in controlled environments. Through data-driven insights, they can monitor environmental conditions, predict crop performance, and adjust parameters such as light, water, and temperature to maximise output.

In Nigeria, AI can be applied to help farmers forecast potential pest outbreaks, optimise irrigation practices, and predict weather patterns. AI-based platforms can also help Nigerian farmers gain insights into market demands and commodity pricing, improving their ability to plan ahead and access fair pricing. AI-powered chatbots or virtual assistants, like Agrisource, could offer farmers personalised advice on best practices, crop management, and pest control, reducing the reliance on traditional extension services that may be inaccessible or scarce.

E-Commerce and Digital Marketplaces Bridges the Gap Between Farmers and Markets

One major challenge of smallholder farmers in Nigeria is access to markets. Farmers often struggle with selling their produce at fair prices, leading to major post-harvest losses. The lack of a well-organised market system for agricultural products further exacerbates these issues. However, e-commerce and digital marketplaces can solve these problems by connecting farmers directly with consumers and buyers. AgriBazaar, an Indian digital marketplace, is an excellent example of how technology can provide a solution to market access issues. The platform allows farmers to upload details of their produce, which buyers from all over the country can browse. AgriBazaar also helps farmers access real-time pricing information, making it easier for them to sell their products at competitive prices. Additionally, AgriBazaar offers supply chain solutions, ensuring that farmers can efficiently distribute their products to consumers.

In Africa, platforms such as Farmcrowdy (Nigeria) and Twiga Foods (which operates in East Africa) have already started to bridge the gap between farmers and buyers. These platforms aggregate products from smallholder farmers, allowing them to collectively access larger markets. Digital marketplaces and e-commerce platforms like these empower farmers by improving transparency, reducing the influence of middlemen, and ensuring fairer prices. Nigeria’s farmers would benefit immensely from digital platforms that enable direct connection with buyers, reducing post-harvest losses and helping farmers gain higher incomes for their produce. These platforms could also offer logistical support and market analysis, helping farmers plan their production according to demand trends and market fluctuations.

Sustainability in Agriculture

This is a necessary component of ensuring food security and long-term economic growth. Nigeria faces major challenges, including soil degradation, water scarcity, and the unpredictable impacts of climate change. As the country seeks to modernise its agricultural sector, it can draw valuable lessons from countries like Israel, which has successfully transformed its agriculture through sustainable practices. Israel’s experience offers insights into how innovative technologies, climate-smart practices, and resource efficiency can be harnessed to overcome the barriers that hinder agricultural sustainability. This exhaustive study explores key sustainability principles and strategies in agriculture, drawing parallels between Israel’s success and Nigeria’s opportunities for agricultural transformation.

Climate-Smart Agriculture Enhances Resilience to Climate Change

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a strategy aimed at improving agricultural productivity, resilience to climate change, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This approach is crucial for countries like Nigeria, where unpredictable weather patterns (exacerbated by climate change) are making farming increasingly difficult.
Israel’s Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices: Israel has been a leader in the development of climate-smart agricultural techniques, particularly in regions where water is scarce and climate conditions are harsh. The country has adopted several innovative strategies to address these challenges:

1. Agroforestry and Crop Diversification: Israel has encouraged agroforestry practices in which farmers grow a variety of crops alongside trees. This diversifies income sources and protects the land from erosion, improving biodiversity. By growing multiple crops with varying nutrient requirements, farmers reduce their dependence on a single crop and mitigate risks from market volatility and climate fluctuations.
2. Water-Efficient Irrigation Systems: Israel is widely recognised for its development and adoption of drip irrigation technology, which delivers water directly to the root zone of plants, minimising water waste. In a country where water scarcity is a major challenge, Israel has been able to achieve high agricultural productivity with just enough water usage. The technology is highly efficient, using up to 50% less water compared to traditional irrigation systems.

Lessons for Nigeria: Nigeria can adopt climate-smart agricultural practices by:

• Promoting crop diversification and sustainable farming methods to build resilience against climate-induced shocks.
• Scaling up the use of drip irrigation and other water-efficient technologies, particularly in areas affected by desertification and drought, such as Northern Nigeria.
• Supporting agroforestry and other integrated farming approaches to restore degraded lands and enhance soil fertility.

Renewable Energy in Agriculture Lowers Reliance on Fossil Fuels

Access to reliable energy is pertinent for modernising agriculture, but rural areas in Nigeria often face significant challenges in this regard. For many farmers, the lack of electricity hinders their ability to pump water for irrigation, process crops, and store produce.

Israel’s Renewable Energy Solutions in Agriculture: Israel has been a pioneer in utilising renewable energy to improve agricultural productivity and reduce environmental impact. Notably:

1. Solar-Powered Irrigation Systems: In regions where electricity is scarce, Israel has implemented solar-powered irrigation systems that help farmers access water for irrigation without relying on grid power or expensive fuel. These systems are particularly useful in arid areas where groundwater must be pumped over long distances (government off-takes excess power produced).
2. Solar Energy for Crop Processing: Israel also uses solar energy to power crop processing equipment, lowering dependence on fossil fuels and cutting operational costs for farmers.

Lessons for Nigeria: Nigeria, with its abundant sunshine, can leverage solar energy to:

• Drive solar-powered irrigation systems, making water accessible to farmers even in the most remote areas.
• Solar drying technologies could be used to reduce post-harvest losses, enabling farmers to preserve their produce while using clean energy.
• Encouraging partnerships between renewable energy companies and agricultural cooperatives to provide affordable, clean energy solutions for farmers.

Soil Health and Fertiliser Management Restores Fertility and Sustainability

Soil degradation, often caused by the excessive and improper use of fertilisers, is a major issue in Nigerian agriculture. Over time, this leads to reduced soil fertility, lower yields, and environmental pollution.

Israel’s Soil Health Management: Israel has been a leader in developing sustainable soil management techniques, ensuring that soil remains fertile and productive for long periods. Key practices include:

1. Precision Agriculture: Israel uses precision farming techniques that combine satellite imaging, sensors, and drones to monitor soil health and make accurate decisions about fertiliser use. This ensures that farmers apply the right amount of fertiliser at the right time, minimising environmental impact and improving soil fertility.
2. Use of Organic Fertilisers: Organic farming practices are widely adopted in Israel to restore soil fertility. Crop rotation, composting, and green manuring have been essential in improving soil health (what we grow our plants with ends in our bodies).
3. Biological Soil Enhancers: Israel has also pioneered the use of biological soil enhancers that boost soil microbes, improve soil structure, and increase water retention in the soil.

Lessons for Nigeria: Nigeria can adopt sustainable soil health practices by:

• Promoting precision agriculture to optimise fertiliser use and minimise the environmental impact of over-fertilisation.
• Encouraging organic farming techniques such as crop rotation, composting, and green manure to restore soil fertility and reduce the reliance on chemical fertilisers (a decentralised knowledge sharing system can help).
• Incorporating biological soil amendments and adopting technologies that improve soil microbiome health to improve soil structure and water retention.

Water Management Overcomes Scarcity and Ensures Sustainability

Water scarcity is one of Nigeria’s most pressing agricultural challenges, particularly in the northern regions where rainfall is sparse. Effective water management practices are essential to ensure that crops receive adequate water without wasting valuable resources.

Israel’s Water Management Innovations: Israel’s success in water management is a result of several key innovations:

1. Drip Irrigation: As mentioned earlier, Israel has influenced irrigation with drip irrigation technology. This system delivers water directly to the root zone, using up to 50% less water than traditional irrigation methods and ensuring crops receive only the water they need.
2. Desalination: Israel has invested heavily in desalination technology to convert its very salty seawater into potable water. This technology is particularly beneficial for providing water for agriculture in coastal areas or regions with limited freshwater resources.
3. Rainwater Harvesting: Israel has also made major progress in rainwater harvesting, capturing and storing rainwater for agricultural use. This reduces the country’s reliance on traditional water sources.

Lessons for Nigeria: Nigeria can improve water management by:

• Scaling up drip irrigation systems, particularly in dry regions, to maximise water efficiency.
• Investing in rainwater harvesting technologies and storage systems to capture and utilise rainfall, especially in rural areas.
• Exploring desalination plants along Nigeria’s coastline to alleviate pressure on freshwater resources.

The Path Forward is Building a Collaborative, Tech-Driven, and Sustainable Agricultural Ecosystem

The path to a robust and sustainable agricultural ecosystem in Nigeria is complex but achievable. Achieving success in agricultural transformation requires a combined effort across multiple sectors. The integration of collaboration, technology, and sustainability is paramount for addressing the myriad challenges facing the agricultural value chain, from smallholder farmers to food security concerns. Drawing on examples from countries that have successfully integrated these practices, Nigeria can follow a model that ensures growth, innovation, and environmental responsibility.

1. Creating Collaborative Ecosystems is Germaine to Scaling Agriculture

Collaborative ecosystems involve the collective engagement of governments, private sector players, NGOs, financial institutions, and the farming community to create a framework where resources, knowledge, and technology are shared for mutual benefit. Such collaboration encourages increased access to markets, capital, and innovative solutions. By coming together to create mutually beneficial relationships, these stakeholders can streamline the flow of resources and significantly improve agricultural productivity.

Country Examples:

• India’s National Agriculture Market (eNAM): One notable example of collaboration in the agricultural sector comes from India. The eNAM initiative is a collaborative platform that connects farmers with buyers, traders, and agricultural professionals through an online digital marketplace. By reducing the reliance on middlemen, the platform offers farmers better market access, reduces price volatility, and boosts transparency in agricultural transactions. The Indian government, in partnership with the private sector and various agricultural cooperatives, has ensured that smallholder farmers can now reach both local and international buyers, enhancing their profitability.
• Kenya’s Agricultural Cooperatives: Kenya has long relied on agricultural cooperatives to support smallholder farmers. These cooperatives provide access to information, credit, farming inputs, and storage facilities. They also ensure that farmers can pool their produce for better pricing and distribution. These cooperative structures promote trust and collective action, which are essential for overcoming challenges such as limited market access and financial exclusion. The success of cooperatives in Kenya has helped improve the livelihoods of farmers and transformed rural communities.

Implications for Nigeria: Nigeria could learn from these examples by encouraging agricultural cooperatives and digital marketplaces (nurturing trust is critical to sustained progress). This would allow farmers to access financial services, technology, and markets while benefiting from collective buying power. Establishing collaborative agricultural hubs where stakeholders can share knowledge, infrastructure, and resources would also reduce operational costs for smallholders and open new pathways for innovation and sustainable growth.

2. Promoting Technology Adoption Transforms Nigerian Agriculture with Digital Tools

The adoption of technology has been a driving force behind agricultural transformation in many countries. Whether it’s through precision farming, mobile technology, artificial intelligence (AI), or blockchain, technology plays a pivotal role in modernising farming practices, improving productivity, and ensuring sustainability.

Country Examples:

• Israel’s Precision Agriculture: Israel is one of the global leaders in precision agriculture, a point that cannot be overemphasised. The country has developed sophisticated systems that use drones, sensors, and satellites to monitor crop health, soil conditions, and irrigation needs. With the help of real-time data, Israeli farmers can optimise their input use (water, fertilisers, pesticides), reduce waste, and increase crop yields. This technology is especially important in arid regions where water is scarce and must be used efficientl
• The United States’ Smart Farming Platforms: The United States is home to several innovative tech companies that offer smart farming solutions. For instance, platforms like Climate FieldView provide farmers with access to real-time data on soil health, weather conditions, and crop performance. The integration of AI-powered predictive analytics allows farmers to make data-driven decisions, anticipate weather events, and optimise their planting schedules. The use of IoT sensors has helped farmers increase yields while reducing costs, thus maximising p

Implications for Nigeria: Nigeria must embrace technology adoption at all levels of its agricultural value chain. Initiatives like mobile-based agriculture extension services can empower farmers with timely information on pest control, weather patterns, and best practices. Moreover, investing in drone technologies and smart farming platforms can enable farmers to monitor large areas of land more efficiently, increasing productivity while reducing resource wastage.

3. Enforcing Sustainability Policies Safeguards Natural Resources for Future Generations

Sustainability policies are critical to ensuring that agricultural practices do not deplete natural resources or contribute to environmental degradation. Sustainable practices such as water-efficient irrigation, organic farming, and agroforestry can increase productivity while protecting the environment.

Country Examples:

• China’s Sustainable Farming Practices: China has implemented numerous sustainability initiatives in agriculture. For example, the government has introduced policies that encourage organic farming and reduce the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Through financial incentives and support for research and development in sustainable agriculture, China has made substantial progress in improving the environmental sustainability of its agricultural sector.
• Australia’s Water Management: Australia, facing extreme droughts, has taken notable strides in water management through water-efficient irrigation systems and the use of advanced weather forecasting. The country has developed sustainable solutions that ensure the efficient use of water resources while maintaining agricultural productivity. Australia’s commitment to sustainable water practices has positioned it as a leader in managing agricultural resources in a water-scarce environment.

Implications for Nigeria: Nigeria needs to prioritise the creation and implementation of sustainability policies that promote responsible farming practices. This includes providing incentives for agroforestry, organic farming, and precision irrigation. Policymakers can introduce subsidies and grants to encourage farmers to adopt climate-smart practices and technologies. Additionally, Nigeria could implement regulations that support sustainable water use, combat soil degradation, and protect biodiversity.

In conclusion, the future of global food security hinges on the transformation of agriculture, necessitating a fundamental rethinking of how we grow, distribute, and consume food. To meet the challenges of feeding a growing global population, innovation, collaboration, and sustainability must be at the forefront of agricultural reform. Nigeria’s agricultural sector stands at a critical juncture, grappling with challenges such as land degradation, water scarcity, and low productivity. However, these challenges present an opportunity for innovation and collaboration to drive change. Looking at successful countries like Israel, which has transformed agriculture with its precision farming and water-efficient technologies, or India’s eNAM platform, which has helped smallholder farmers access better markets, Nigeria can take critical lessons in leveraging technology to improve agricultural practices. Kenya’s model of agricultural cooperatives has successfully fostered collective action among farmers, providing a platform for sharing resources, knowledge, and access to financial support.

Further, Australia’s leadership in water management and sustainable farming offers a clear path for addressing Nigeria’s water scarcity issues. As these countries have shown, technology (ranging from AI and drones for precision farming to mobile applications that provide real-time data) can measurably better productivity and reduce the environmental footprint of agriculture.For Nigeria to thrive, the nation must adopt a holistic approach that combines these lessons with its unique needs. By embracing collaborative ecosystems—where government, private sector, NGOs, and farmers work together—and fostering the widespread adoption of advanced technologies, Nigeria can transform its agricultural value chain. Moreover, enforcing policies that ensure sustainability in farming practices will ensure long-term resilience, protect natural resources, and mitigate the effects of climate change.

In this journey, Nigeria will secure food for its growing population and become a global leader in agricultural innovation, sustainability, and food security. By embedding collaboration, technology, and sustainability at the core of its agricultural strategy, Nigeria has the potential to create a robust, scalable, and resilient agricultural system that drives economic growth and ensures prosperity for future generations. The time to act is now.

Thank you for the investment in patience, attention, and time. You can get more of my curated thoughts on my Medium: https://medium.com/@roariyo and LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/olufemiariyo/ or send an email to [email protected]