Ọ̀ bụ̀ íji ńnú chụ́tá ḿmírí òzùzò kpàtàrà ídèì méré nà Dubai?

Ọtụtụ ozi na soshal midia ekwuola na idei mmiri nke mere na obodo Dubai n’ime UAE bụ nke iji ńnú chụta mmiri òzùzò, nke bekee kpọrọ “cloud seeding”, kpàtàrà.

Okwu à á hụrụ na X, Facebook, nà Instagram, kọwara na UAE na-eri ajọ uru iji aka ha emepụta mmiri ozuzo.

Massive floods hit Dubai when 2 Years' worth of rain fell in just 24 hours on Tuesday.

This is what is causing the floods in Dubai, UAE:

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Dubai has been using cloud seeding, which can include salting clouds, to induce rain.

It's a method to tackle their water scarcity issues.… pic.twitter.com/OLLmvZyEP1

— WithAlvin 🇬🇭 (@withAlvin__) April 16, 2024

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Unchecked cloud seeding led to costly consequences yesterday in 🇦🇪Dubai. Manipulating nature comes with risks, and yesterday's man-made rain proves it. Time to reassess the balance between innovation and environmental impact. #Dubai #dubairains pic.twitter.com/etcatxZlRd

— Mansoor Ahmed (@paindoo_jatt) April 17, 2024

The Dubai airport flooded due to cloud seeding, not climate change. Cloud seeding involves spraying chemicals into clouds to make it rain. It's banned in Tennessee. Modifying the weather can have unintended consequences.#Dubai #dubairain pic.twitter.com/ATM2F0qNf0

— صبر،شکر (@i_Syeda_) April 16, 2024

ÍDÈÌ ḾMÍRÍ M̀BỤ́ ǸKÉ GA-EME NÀ DUBAI

N’ụbọchị iri n’asaa nke ọnwa April, ụfọdụ akụkụ Dubai kà mmiri ozuzo ruru úrù ótù áfọ̀ pịara, nke kpatara nnukwu idei, ma mee ka ọtụtụ mmadụ hapụ ụgbọala ha n’okporo ụzọ.

Mmiri a mebiri ótú ọrụ si aga n’ọdụ ụgbọ elu, ebe mmadụ iri na itoolu ka e kwuru nwụrụ, ma mmadụ abụọ furu efu na Oman site na ya bụ mmiri ozuzo.

Dubai bụ ótù n’ime obodo asaa dị na UAE. Dịka obodo dị na ọzara, o nwere ihu igwe ọkpọmọkụ nke na-eru otu áfọ̀.

UAE nwere ihu igwe oké okpomọkụ, nke nwere izu abụọ bụ — uguru na ọkọchị. N’ọkọchị (June ruo ọnwa Septemba), a na-enwe óké okpomọkụ nke nwere ike iru 50°C. Oge ụgụrụ (ọnwa Decemba ruo March) nwere ajụmoyi sitere 16.4°C ruo 24°C, ebe Januwari bụ ọnwa jụkarịchara n’oyi.

K’amgbe afọ 1949 obodo ahụ bidoro dekọba ihu igwe, ndị ọkachamara sị na nke a bụ mbụ UAE na-ahụta nnukwụ mmiri òzùzò na ide mmiri di ótú a.

Ụlọrụ obodo ahụ ná-áhụ́ maka ihu ígwe bụ́ National Center of Meteorology kwuru na mmiri ozuzo ahụ kwalitere ọnụ ọgụgụ mmiri ozuzo obodo ahụ kwa afọ ma welie oba nchekwa mmiri nke obodo ahụ.

GỊ́NỊ́ BỤ̀ CLOUD SEEDING?

Cloud seeding bụ ụdị nwogharị ihu ígwe nke na-aghanye nnu pụrụ iche na ya iji mepụta mmiri ozuzo.

Nke a, na-ebido na’ichoputa ihu igwe ma tụlee ya nke ọma iji mata ma ọ dị mma ịmepụta mmiri. Ka nke a gasịrị, ha ga-eziga ụgbọ elu adonyere nnu a pụrụ iche eji emepụta mmiri na ǹkù ya, nke ga-emecha zòó ka mmiri.

Nnu ndị a pụrụ iche gunyere silver iodide, potassium iodide, sodium chloride, maọbụ dry ice (solid carbon dioxide).

K’osiladi, n’usoro anyị mara ọfụma, a na-enwe mmiri ozuzo mgbe izu mmiri lara n’elu igwé n’usoro akpọrọ evaporation, nke ga emecha gbanye n’ụdị ọzọ n’ụzọ amara dika condensation. Mgbe mkpụrụ mmiri a eweghizi ike ịno n’elu, ọ zọ dịka mmiri nke a kpọrọ precipitation.

CLOUD SEEDING Ò NWÈRÈ ÍKÉ ÍWÈTÀ ÙDÍ ḾMÍRÍ ÒZÙZÒ DÍ ÓTÚ À

Ka ọ bụ ihe pụtara ihe na e jì cloud seeding eme ka mmiri zòó, ndị nnyocha sayensị sị na ọ naghị emepụta ihu ígwe site na ihe adịghị.

Ezi ogo mmiri ozuzo na-esite na milimita abụọ na ụma ise (2.5 mm) maka ótù awa ruo milimita asaa n’ụma ise (7.5mm) màkà otu awa. Mmiri ozuzo n’otu afọ na UAE bụ milimita otu narị na iri anọ n’asaa n’ụma iri ise n’atọ (147.53mm) n’afọ 1976. Nke a jiri milimita iri ise n’asaa n’ụma iri ise n’atọ (57.53 mm) karịa mmiri ụbọchị Wednesday ahụ. N’obodo ahụ, ezigbo mmiri ozuzo na-abụ milimita iri ise n’itoolu na iri asaa n’atọ (59.73mm).

Na mkpakọrịta GB NEWS na Maarten Ambaum, onye na-ahụ maka ihu ígwe na University of Reading, kwuru na UAE enweghị ńgwá ọrụ iji meputa ụdịrị mmiri a hụrụ n’ụbọchị iri na asaa nke ọnwa April.

O kwukwara na o nweghị nwogharị ihu igwe há mere na ńsó ńsó a n’obodo ahụ màkà ndị nnyocha ihu ígwe ebubo ụzọ kwupụta na a ga-enwe mmiri ozuzo ụbọchi ahụ.

“UAE enweghị ngwa ọrụ iji nwogharị ihu igwe na mpaghara ọzara nke ụwa ahụ. Nya mere o nweghị igwe ọbụla a rụputagoro ga-emepụtali udi mmiri ozuzo nke ụbọchị Wednesday. Mana onwebeghị nwogharị ihu elu igwe e mere na nso-nso a,” Ambaum kwuru.

“Cloud seeding dịka aha ha kọwara gụnyere ifesa nnu n’ime eluigwe nke n’enweghị ikike ịmepụta mmiri n’onwe ya. N’ọnọdụ a, onweghi uru ọbara inwoghari eluigwe ịmepụta mmiri n’ihi nà ekwuola na a ga-enwe mmiri ozuzo.

“Ọ ga-adịkwa mma ịmata na ndị na-ekwu ka ihu igwe ga-adị n’odị n’ihu, dịka ụlọrụ Global Flood Awareness System (Glofas) nke ngalaba European Commission na nsonye ụlọ ọrụ Copernicus programme, kwuru eziokwu mgbe ha mara amụma nnukwu ide mmiri izu ụka gara aga. Ịma amụma ihu ígwe dị otu a na akpacha anya nyochaa oshimmiri, ikuku, n’ala. Há na-eji ihe ndị a kwubie amụma ide mmiri na ọdịnihu. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ọkachamara a mara amụma ide mmiri, onweghị uru ọ bara na mmadụ ga-eme ihe iwogharị ihu ígwe.”

ÍNYÒCHÀ ÓKWÚ À

TheCable kpọtụrụ Taiwo Ogunwumi, onye ndụmọdụ n’ihe gbasara ide mmiri bụ flood risk consultant n’ụlọrụ Geohazard Risk Mapping Initiative, iji mata ihe kpatara nnukwu mmiri ozuzo nke Dubai.

Ogunwunmi kwuru na ọ bụ mgbapụta ụfọdụ gas, nke a kpọrọ “greenhouse emissions”, nke mmekọrịta ndị mmadụ kpatara.

O kwuru na dịka a mara na cloud seeding nwere ike ibute nnukwu ide mmiri nke ala agaghị amikpọli, mmiri ozuzo nke ụbọchị iri n’asaa nke ọnwa April bụ nke agaghị asịnwu kpọm kwem na ọ bụ cloud seeding kpàtàrà ya.

“Cloud seeding na-ebute óké idei mmiri, dịka anyị mara. E ji cloud seeding emepụta mmiri n’ọbodo ndị dị n’ọzara ebe mmiri anaghị ezo ọfụma,” Ogunwumi kwuru.

“N’ọnọdụ nnukwu ide mmiri nke mere n’obodo Dubai, anyị agaghị asị na ọ bụ cloud seeding kpàtàrà nya bụ mmiri ozuzo, n’ihi na e buru ụzọ maa ya n’amụma na nnukwu mmiri ga-ezo.

“Mgbanwe ihu igwe a kpọrọ climate change ga-aga n’ihu n’eme ka e nwee óké okpomọkụ nke ga-ebute nnukwu mmiri ozuzo. Ozi ụlọrụ IPCC kwuru maka nya bụ mgbanwe n’ihu igwe. Nya mere na ọ ga-adị nma n’anyị agaghị eji maka ókwú cloud seeding hapụ ihe na-ebute mgbanwe igwe bụ climate change.”

Itinye ọnụ n’okwu a, Gloria Okafor, onye nkuzi na ngalaba meteorology and climate change, nke mahadum Nigerian Maritime University nke dị na Delta steetị, kwuru na mmiri ozuzo nke obodo UAE abụghị ihe cloud seeding ga-emepụtali.

Okafor sị na nya bụ mmiri ozuzo bụ nke ndị ọkachamara sayensị sị na ọ gosịrị na ụwa na-abanye n’oge óké ọkpọmọkụ a kpọrọ El Nino.

“A ga m asị na mgbanwe ihu eluigwe abụchaghị ihe mmadụ nwere ike ịmata n’amụma, mana mmiri nke a zoro na nso-nso a dị nnukwu,” Okafor kwuru.

“K’osiladị a ga m asị na ọ bụ ihe ndị ọkachamara sayensị mara amụma ya nke bụ mgbaye ụwa niile n’oge oké ọkpọmọkụ a kpọrọ El Nino. Nke a bụ mgbe a ga-enwe óké ọkpọmọkụ oshimmiri nke sitere na oshimmiri Pacific, ma na-emetụta ótú ihu ígwe si agbanwe.”

Dịka otu nnyocha nke ụlọrụ Research Gate bipụtara, El Niño bụ ụdị mgbanwe n’ihu elu ígwé nke na-egosị ọkpọmọkụ nke elu oshimmiri, ọ kachasị na eastern Pacific. Mgbe e nwere El Niño, ikuku si ọdịda anyanwụ akpọrọ westward-trade wind na-ebelata n’ikike ya n’etiti nkewa ụwa akpọrọ equator. Mgbanwe ndị a n’ikike ikuku ji efe na-eme ka mmiri dị óké ọkụ gáfèé ụzọ ọwụwa anyanwụ n’ogologo ụzọ nkewa ụwa bụ equator, site na ọdịda anyanwụ oshimmiri Pacific ruo mpaghara ugwu na ndịda mba America.

ŃCHỊ́KỌ́TÁ

O nweghị ngosị pụtara íhé na ọ bụ cloud seeding kpatara nnukwu mmiri ozuzo n’obodo Dubai.